[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":152},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-loss-of-xia-kingdom-by-taikang-and-revival-under-shaokang-zh-tw":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":23},null,"夏王朝之少康中兴","loss-of-xia-kingdom-by-taikang-and-revival-under-shaokang","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770278056874_720_000182_1718263355114.jpg","article","2026-02-05T15:54:23","2024-05-14T13:46:53",{"name":13,"h1Title":14,"title":15,"subtitle":4,"keywords":16,"content":17,"overview":4,"description":18,"ogTitle":19,"ogDescription":20,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":21,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":22,"author":7},"夏王朝之少康中興","夏王朝之少康中興:中國歷史上第一個 「中興」 時代","少康中興|夏朝太康失國、后羿代夏、寒浞篡位與夏朝復國","太康失國,少康中興,夏朝,夏商","## 太康失國\n\n據稱夏朝的開國之君是大禹王的兒子啟,啟繼位後遷都山西\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Anyi City\" lon=\"111.23\" lat=\"35.15\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">安邑\u003C/span>,是一位聲譽很高的君主,據說他只吃普通的飯菜,睡覺的床鋪上也只有一床粗糙的褥子,除了祭神和祭祖以外,他甚至不許演奏音樂來娛樂,大家也一致認為啟理所當然地是大禹的繼承人,從此認同了父死子繼的「家天下」制度。\n\n但後來,夏啟還是過上了荒淫的生活,喜歡飲酒、打獵、歌舞,而他兒子們也在權力的誘惑下開始了殘酷的爭鬥,據說啟的小兒子武觀還試圖反叛自己的父親。\n\n夏啟死後,他的兒子太康繼位做了夏朝君主。 太康並不是一個合格的君主,他似乎只有一個愛好,那就是打獵,甚至為了打獵竟然 100 多天沒有回去處理朝政。 由於太康昏庸,不理國政並沉迷享樂,引起了各方部落的不滿。 後來,在東夷有窮氏首領后羿的叛亂下丟失了夏國王位,太康也因此被殺,史稱「太康失國」。\n\n傳說后羿的射箭技能非常出眾,能夠百發百中。 還有一個關於后羿的神話,傳說古時候天空中有十個太陽,把大地烘烤得十分炎熱,致使莊稼顆粒無收。 大家於是請來后羿,后羿搭弓射箭將天空中的九個太陽射了下來,只留下一個太陽。 從此,地面上氣候適宜,不再鬧乾旱了。\n\n儘管后羿實力很強,但畢竟根基不穩,沒敢直接自己稱王,於是就立太康的弟弟仲康做傀儡,仲康死後又立了仲康的兒子相,相便是少康之父。 相是一位比較有骨氣的人,他不堪忍受后羿的控制,就潛逃到了跟自己同姓的兩個部落\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>灌氏和\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>鄩氏那裡,招兵買馬準備對抗以后羿為首的有窮氏。\n\n## 少康中興\n\n后羿和太康一樣,同樣沉迷於享樂、不理國政,最後被他的義子寒浞所殺,寒浞取代后羿成為了有窮氏的首領。 寒浞為人奸詐,但能力很強,他經過二十年的經營,最終滅掉了\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>灌氏、\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>鄩氏,少康的父親相也被寒浞所殺。\n\n少康是相的遺腹子,長大後在有仍氏任牧正,之後又逃至虞國(今\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Henan\" lon=\"112.909\" lat=\"34.5002\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">河南省\u003C/span>\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Yucheng County\" lon=\"115.834\" lat=\"34.4071\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">虞城縣\u003C/span>)任庖正,虞國君主虞思將其女二姚許配於少康,幫助少康積極爭取夏後氏遺民。 少康誌在復國,派間諜女艾於澆,在同姓部落\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>灌氏與\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Zhen City\" lon=\"113.03\" lat=\"34.82\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">斟\u003C/span>鄩氏的幫助下,與夏後氏遺臣伯靡等人合力,攻滅寒浞,恢復了夏王朝的統治。 少康使夏朝的國力大大增強,史稱「少康中興」。 少康中興也是中國歷史上首個出現以「中興」二字命名的時代。 根據以上傳說,少康應該是夏朝的第六位君主,但是其生卒年不詳。\n\n「少康中興」這段典故最完整的記載存在於《左傳.襄公四年》,年代非常久遠;其他記載也非來自「正統」史書,比如《史記》中便沒有關於「少康中興」的任何記載。 因此,有不少學者認為其可信度值得商榷。 另外,夏朝的考古實物和甲骨文記錄等,也還相對缺乏。 對夏朝歷史的考證仍然任重而道遠。\n\n不過,這段歷史如果真的發生過,那麼大致就發生在這一時期。\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-v1\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000182/000182_1718263355114.png\" alt=\"夏代文物，镶嵌绿松石兽面纹铜牌饰\" />\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://www.chnmus.net/ch/collection/appraise/details.html?id=512158439097612666\" target=\"_blank\">中國國家博物館\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">鑲嵌綠松石獸面紋銅牌飾,青銅器(鑲嵌綠松石),夏代,長16.5厘米,寬8-11厘米,1984年出土於河南偃師二里頭,現藏於\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"LuoYang City\" lon=\"112.448\" lat=\"34.6197\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">洛陽市\u003C/span>博物館。 目前不少學者認為,\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Erlitou Site\" lon=\"112.7\" lat=\"34.69\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">二里頭遺址\u003C/span>中所展現出的青銅文化高度發達,是輝煌夏王朝文明的實物見證,而這件物品無疑是其中最具特色和代表性的典型器物之一。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---","少康中興是夏朝由衰轉盛的關鍵事件,也是中國歷史上第一個以 「中興」 命名的時代,見證夏朝中斷後重新復國並走向強盛。","少康中興:夏朝的絕地重生,中國最早的中興傳奇","從太康失國、后羿代夏到少康復國,一段充滿權謀、間諜與逆襲的上古史,成就華夏第一個中興時代。","zh-tw",0.7,[24,32,40,48,56,64,72,80,88,96,104,112,120,128,136,144],{"id":25,"name":26,"keywords":4,"slug":27,"author":7,"ogImage":28,"isBlog":4,"createDate":29,"updateDate":30,"description":31},"389f738e7db449048c19be10058c85a6","中國夏朝的建立","establishment-of-xia-dynasty","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770277871973_720_000168_1710133309766.jpg","2026-03-05T13:55:23","2026-03-05T13:55:59","夏朝是中國史書中第一個朝代,約公元前 2070 年由大禹建立,啟繼位後世襲制取代禪讓製,二里頭遺址被認為是夏代中晚期都城。",{"id":33,"name":34,"keywords":4,"slug":35,"author":7,"ogImage":36,"isBlog":4,"createDate":37,"updateDate":38,"description":39},"8fbab3fbd12e4aa7b2eb07a5d8ff1007","商王朝九世之亂與盤庚遷都","pan-geng-relocation-of-the-capital","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770282502699_720_1764947648708_shang.jpg","2026-03-05T22:11:49","2026-03-05T22:12:21","九世之亂導致商朝內亂衰落,盤庚力排眾議遷都於殷,結束動盪、振興國勢,奠定殷商 200 餘年穩定基業。",{"id":41,"name":42,"keywords":4,"slug":43,"author":7,"ogImage":44,"isBlog":4,"createDate":45,"updateDate":46,"description":47},"c78fcb2ce5454dd3a4f3ef5860764040","商王朝「伊尹輔政」","yi-yin-assisted-in-governance","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770278396727_720_000187_1718760190377.jpg","2026-03-05T19:56:48","2026-03-05T19:57:27","商初伊尹輔佐成湯等五代商王五十餘年,既是開國元勳、傑出政治家,也是中華廚祖,為商朝強盛奠定基礎。",{"id":49,"name":50,"keywords":4,"slug":51,"author":7,"ogImage":52,"isBlog":4,"createDate":53,"updateDate":54,"description":55},"be5ceb9a3cb24951bf24b9b941a12e7c","中國建立商王朝","establishment-of-shang-dynasty","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770278267777_720_1764147880241_Oracle-bone-script.jpg","2026-03-05T19:30:38","2026-03-05T19:31:05","約公元前 1600 年,商湯滅夏建立商王朝,甲骨文誕生、青銅技術鼎盛,分封制初步推行,奠定中華文明發展基礎。",{"id":57,"name":58,"keywords":4,"slug":59,"author":7,"ogImage":60,"isBlog":4,"createDate":61,"updateDate":62,"description":63},"4cd7766ae5ee468ea48aa3adba7941a9","羅馬共和國的建立","the-establishment-of-the-roman-republic","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770291076578_720_1769589582052_Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.jpg","2026-03-07T23:45:04","2026-03-07T23:45:24","公元前509年,羅馬告別王政開啟共和。 深度解析波利比烏斯的「混合政體」理論與蒙森的「同僚性、年度性」制衡邏輯。 了解羅馬公民如何通過權力設計,防止專制君主的再次誕生。",{"id":65,"name":66,"keywords":4,"slug":67,"author":7,"ogImage":68,"isBlog":4,"createDate":69,"updateDate":70,"description":71},"118dd65be46847a6a11b5fe6745beec8","溫泉關戰役","battle-of-thermopylae","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773992089939_leonidas-i720.jpg","2026-03-20T19:07:00","2026-03-20T19:07:58","公元前480年溫泉關戰役爆發,列奧尼達率數千希臘聯軍死守隘口,以少抗多遲滯波斯大軍,為希臘聯軍翻盤贏得關鍵時間,鑄就軍事史傳奇。",{"id":73,"name":74,"keywords":4,"slug":75,"author":7,"ogImage":76,"isBlog":4,"createDate":77,"updateDate":78,"description":79},"1ff11f790154484882c2330ce9ee4dc8","地米斯托克利締造雅典海軍","themistocles","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773996650171_493BC.jpg","2026-03-20T16:49:16","2026-03-20T16:49:31","地米斯托克利以勞里昂銀礦收益打造雅典艦隊,修建港口與防禦工事,奠定雅典海上霸權根基,晚年卻遭陶片放逐、客死波斯。",{"id":81,"name":82,"keywords":4,"slug":83,"author":7,"ogImage":84,"isBlog":4,"createDate":85,"updateDate":86,"description":87},"8491c1ef3dc54813ba4607d84e439959","第一次布匿戰爭結束","the-end-of-the-first-punic-war","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773821870368_The_Oath_of_Hannibal2.jpg","2026-03-18T19:25:31","2026-03-18T19:27:11","公元前 241 年埃加迪海戰大敗迦太基後,羅馬通過《卡圖盧斯和約》結束 23 年第一次布匿戰爭,掌控西西里並成為西地中海霸主。",{"id":89,"name":90,"keywords":4,"slug":91,"author":7,"ogImage":92,"isBlog":4,"createDate":93,"updateDate":94,"description":95},"433c14dafc584a86b8e5819dbf62deec","希梅拉戰役","battle-of-himera","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889155192_Ancient-Carthage.jpg","2026-03-19T14:08:14","2026-03-19T14:08:29","公元前 480 年希梅拉戰役爆發,敘拉古僭主蓋隆率希臘聯軍擊敗迦太基大軍,終結迦太基西進西西里計劃,成為西地中海希臘文明的關鍵勝利。",{"id":97,"name":98,"keywords":4,"slug":99,"author":7,"ogImage":100,"isBlog":4,"createDate":101,"updateDate":102,"description":103},"ff04bebabfe340d2816979640f79735a","西西里消耗戰","first-punic-war-sicilian-confrontation","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773836795285_1773641026266_Altar-of-Domitius-Ahenobarbus2.jpg","2026-03-18T19:05:38","2026-03-19T13:50:42","第一次布匿戰爭進入西西里消耗戰,羅馬攻占巴勒莫,卻在德雷帕納海戰慘敗;哈米爾卡・巴卡以游擊戰術堅守迦太基西部要塞,戰爭陷入長期僵持。",{"id":105,"name":106,"keywords":4,"slug":107,"author":7,"ogImage":108,"isBlog":4,"createDate":109,"updateDate":110,"description":111},"34dd3ef76ca940138120fc08db55098c","阿拉利亞海戰","battle-of-alalia","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889166419_battle-of-alalia3.png","2026-03-19T13:41:45","2026-03-19T13:44:59","公元前 540 至前 535 年，阿拉利亞海戰爆發，希臘福西亞人對陣迦太基與伊特魯里亞聯軍。這場海戰徹底重塑了西地中海的勢力格局，終結了希臘向西方殖民的進程。",{"id":113,"name":114,"keywords":4,"slug":115,"author":7,"ogImage":116,"isBlog":4,"createDate":117,"updateDate":118,"description":119},"c9c2069607dc4ddb81df7f159c2477cc","迦太基帝國","the-rise-of-the-carthaginian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889543432_Carthage32.jpg","2026-03-19T13:18:18","2026-03-19T13:18:37","迦太基是腓尼基人在北非建立的殖民帝國,憑藉海軍與貿易稱霸西地中海,歷經馬爾丘斯、馬戈一世擴張,成為羅馬崛起前的地中海強權。",{"id":121,"name":122,"keywords":4,"slug":123,"author":7,"ogImage":124,"isBlog":4,"createDate":125,"updateDate":126,"description":127},"aba73b3472c5466a9947cc249556571b","強權之下的腓尼基城邦","phoenician-city-states-vassalized-to-great-powers","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283572590_720_1765465371446_Assyrian_Fragments_of_Bands_from_a_Gate_Walters.jpg","2026-03-07T13:29:46","2026-03-07T13:58:31","腓尼基城邦憑藉商業與航海稱霸東地中海,卻先後淪為亞述、新巴比倫、波斯附庸,最終在亞歷山大攻陷推羅後,結束海洋霸主時代。",{"id":129,"name":130,"keywords":4,"slug":131,"author":7,"ogImage":132,"isBlog":4,"createDate":133,"updateDate":134,"description":135},"4c8d31293f804624bffefd2d1ea19c6f","新埃蘭時期與文明的消亡","neo-elamite-period","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290418284_720_1765426853042_Assyria.jpg","2026-03-08T17:08:50","2026-03-08T17:19:43","公元前1100年至600年,新埃蘭時期見證了兩千年埃蘭文明的終結。 本文詳述亞述帝國的殘酷征服、蘇薩城的毀滅,以及波斯人如何繼承埃蘭遺產並建立阿契美尼德王朝,還原近東霸權更迭的真實史詩。",{"id":137,"name":138,"keywords":4,"slug":139,"author":7,"ogImage":140,"isBlog":4,"createDate":141,"updateDate":142,"description":143},"00549781383e4e04aaa9fcb7e5247c6e","第一次布匿戰爭","first-punic-war","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773821854423_Battle_of_Mylae1.jpg","2026-03-18T15:54:29","2026-03-18T20:31:52","第一次布匿戰爭(前 264- 前 241 年)是羅馬與迦太基爭奪地中海霸權的首場大戰。 羅馬從無海軍起步,憑藉烏鴉吊橋在米拉海戰大破迦太基艦隊,最終奪取西西里,奠定西地中海霸主地位。",{"id":145,"name":146,"keywords":4,"slug":147,"author":7,"ogImage":148,"isBlog":4,"createDate":149,"updateDate":150,"description":151},"4c6669ee00cb4318a52b69c064c91e7c","蓋隆時代的敘拉古","syracuse-in-the-age-of-gelon","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773835732572_1773816624938_Gelon2.jpg","2026-03-18T20:00:12","2026-03-18T20:00:51","蓋隆於公元前485年成為敘拉古僭主,通過移民集權、希梅拉戰役大勝迦太基,締造敘拉古黃金時代,使其成為西地中海希臘文明核心強權。",1774515945814]