[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":152},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-ancus-marcius-zh-tw":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":23},null,"安库斯·马尔修斯","ancus-marcius","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290636173_720_1769415251820_Pons_Sublicius2.jpg","article","2026-02-05T19:24:02","2026-01-23T09:56:37",{"name":13,"h1Title":14,"title":15,"subtitle":4,"keywords":16,"content":17,"overview":4,"description":18,"ogTitle":19,"ogDescription":20,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":21,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":22,"author":7},"安庫斯·馬爾修斯","安庫斯·馬爾修斯:羅馬港口的締造者與平民階層的先驅","老塔克文(Tarquin the Elder):羅馬第五任國王的改革、擴張與建築遺產","羅馬第四王安庫斯·馬爾修斯:從奧斯提亞港到蘇布里基烏斯橋的建設之路","## 羅馬王政時代的第四位國王\n\n安庫斯·馬爾修斯(Ancus Marcius,前642年-前617年)是古羅馬傳說時代的第四任國王(約前642年 - 前617年在位),他是第二任國王、「立法者」努馬·龐皮留斯(Numa Pompilius,前716年-前674年)的孫子。 在羅馬早期的王政史上,安庫斯被視為一位「承前啟後」的君主:他既繼承了祖父對宗教和法律的敬畏,又在必要時展現出第三任國王圖魯斯那樣的軍事決斷力。 為了調和宗教與戰爭的關係,他創立了戰前儀式,規定羅馬在開戰前必須先進行正式的宣告和外交斡旋,這一程序此後成為了羅馬國際法準則的基礎。\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.38/1769415157543_Ancus_Marcius.png\" alt=\"Ancus_Marcius\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancus_Marcius\" target=\"_blank\">Ancus_Marcius\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">公元前 57 年,羅馬發行的銀第納爾上的安庫斯·馬爾修斯(ancus Marcius,前642年-前617年)頭像。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n在城市建設與經濟擴張方面,安庫斯的貢獻具有深遠的影響。\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Rome City\" lon=\"12.5113\" lat=\"41.8919\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">羅馬城\u003C/span>位於台伯河畔,但是距離出海口還有一段距離,而台伯河的出海口是一個叫作奧斯提亞(Ostia)的地方。 安庫斯最偉大的功績之一是征服了奧斯提亞,不僅控制了台伯河的出海口,還主持修建了奧斯提亞港。 這是羅馬歷史上第一個重要出海口與港口基地,標誌著羅馬正式從一個內陸農業聚落轉向具備海上貿易能力的城市,極大地推動了國家的商業發展。\n\n同時,為了連接台伯河兩岸,安庫斯還下令建造了羅馬第一座木橋,即著名的蘇布里基烏斯橋(Pons Sublicius),連接了台伯河對面的雅尼庫倫山(Janiculum Hill)。 為了加強大橋的防禦,他還加固了該山的防禦工事,以此將羅馬的勢力拓展至台伯河對岸。 在羅馬城的內陸一側,他主持挖掘了作為城防工事的奎里特斯壕溝(fossa Quiritium)。 此外,他還修建了羅馬的第一座監獄,即馬梅爾廷監獄(Mamertine prison,古羅馬人稱之為 「圖里亞努姆」 Tullianum),傳說後世的聖彼得(St. Peter,約公元1年-65年)和聖保羅(St. Paul,約公元4年-67年)就曾經被囚禁在這座監獄內。\n\n此外,在安庫斯的統治下,羅馬的領土向海邊延伸,讓鹽礦的開發也步入正軌。 對於當時住在內地的人們來說,鹽是極其重要的生活必需品,在最初沒有通用貨幣的情況下,完全可以用鹽作為一般等價物來交換各種物品。 安庫斯的這些政績都為後世羅馬的繁榮奠定了堅實的物質基礎。\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.38/1769415251820_Pons_Sublicius2.jpg\" alt=\"Pons_Sublicius\" />\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pons_Sublicius\" target=\"_blank\">Pons_Sublicius\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">蘇布里基烏斯橋(Pons Sublicius)是古羅馬已知最早的橋樑,橫跨台伯河並毗鄰阿文廷山山腳。 根據傳統說法,此橋是由安庫斯·馬爾修斯於公元前 642 年左右下令修建,但該年份僅為猜測,因為尚無任何古羅馬文獻能證實此日期。 在幾百年間,這座橋曾被多次重建,最終消失的年代已不可考。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n  \n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.38/1769415365515_Mamertine_Prison2.jpg\" alt=\"Mamertine_Prison\" />\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamertine_Prison\" target=\"_blank\">Mamertine_Prison\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">著名的羅馬馬梅爾廷監獄(Mamertine prison)是一座坐落於古羅馬廣場會堂區的監獄,內設一處地牢。 據說它始建於公元前 7 世紀,地處卡比托利歐山的東北坡,正對著元老院議事廳,以及涅爾瓦、韋斯帕薌與奧古斯都時期的帝國廣場群。 監獄與檔案保管宮之間,便是通往卡比托利歐山衛城的階梯。 右圖出自《圖解世界歷史》第二卷,繪製了該監獄的地牢示意圖。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n  \n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.38/1769415449183_Mamertine_Prison32.jpg\" alt=\"Mamertine_Prison\" />\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamertine_Prison\" target=\"_blank\">Mamertine_Prison\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">馬梅爾廷監獄內部的一座祭壇,以紀念聖彼得和聖保羅曾被囚禁於此。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n安庫斯·馬爾修斯的統治也象徵著羅馬社會階層的一次重要演變。 通過對周邊拉丁城鎮的征服,他將大量戰敗者遷入\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Rome City\" lon=\"12.5113\" lat=\"41.8919\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">羅馬城\u003C/span>內的阿文廷山,這些新遷入的人口逐漸演化成了後來羅馬歷史上舉足輕重的平民階層(Plebeians)。 他這種通過征服與同化來增加公民基數的策略,成為了羅馬帝國擴張基因的最早體現。 在他死後,王位傳給了伊特魯里亞裔的老塔克文,羅馬也隨之進入了一個文化更加多元、但也更具衝突的新階段。\n\n## 參考資料\n\n\n\n《古罗马帝国的辉煌》；赵林；人民邮电出版社 2023-07\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancus_Marcius\" target=\"_blank\">Ancus_Marcius\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamertine_Prison\" target=\"_blank\">Mamertine_Prison\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pons_Sublicius\" target=\"_blank\">Pons_Sublicius\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---\n","探究羅馬第四任國王安庫斯·馬爾修斯(Ancus Marcius)的統治。 作為努馬之孫,他不僅征服了奧斯提亞建立了羅馬首個海港,更修建了第一座跨河大橋與馬梅爾廷監獄。 了解他如何通過安置拉丁戰俘,促成了早期羅馬平民階層的崛起。","從農耕聚落到貿易之都:安庫斯·馬爾修斯與羅馬的出海夢","他既是虔誠的祭司之孫,也是果敢的擴張者。 看安庫斯如何通過蘇布里基烏斯橋將羅馬版圖擴展至台伯河對岸,並為聖彼得曾囚禁的馬梅爾廷監獄奠基。","zh-tw",0.7,[24,32,40,48,56,64,72,80,88,96,104,112,120,128,136,144],{"id":25,"name":26,"keywords":4,"slug":27,"author":7,"ogImage":28,"isBlog":4,"createDate":29,"updateDate":30,"description":31},"389f738e7db449048c19be10058c85a6","中國夏朝的建立","establishment-of-xia-dynasty","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770277871973_720_000168_1710133309766.jpg","2026-03-05T13:55:23","2026-03-05T13:55:59","夏朝是中國史書中第一個朝代,約公元前 2070 年由大禹建立,啟繼位後世襲制取代禪讓製,二里頭遺址被認為是夏代中晚期都城。",{"id":33,"name":34,"keywords":4,"slug":35,"author":7,"ogImage":36,"isBlog":4,"createDate":37,"updateDate":38,"description":39},"989e5e086ff047f6af30c2c3725857b2","考狄昂峽谷之辱","roman-humiliation-at-caudine-forks","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770291557096_720_1770005924895_Caudine-Forks.jpg","2026-03-08T15:56:57","2026-03-08T15:58:52","公元前321年,羅馬軍團在考狄昂峽谷被迫鑽過薩莫奈人的「軛門」。 這場奇恥大辱沒有擊垮羅馬,反而催生了阿皮亞大道與中隊陣改革。 深入探索羅馬如何從失敗中學習,並最終贏得第二次薩莫奈戰爭。",{"id":41,"name":42,"keywords":4,"slug":43,"author":7,"ogImage":44,"isBlog":4,"createDate":45,"updateDate":46,"description":47},"c5735a41d07e4ccfa8cdff51907f94b4","《李錫尼法》","lex-licinia-sextia","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770291300714_720_1769590535729_Twelve-Tables.jpg","2026-03-08T15:15:44","2026-03-08T15:16:15","《李錫尼法》(Lex Licinia Sextia)是羅馬共和史的里程碑。 本文解讀該法如何通過限制土地兼併、減免債務及強制設立平民執政官,終結了貴族對權力的絕對壟斷,確立了權力制衡的共和基石。",{"id":49,"name":50,"keywords":4,"slug":51,"author":7,"ogImage":52,"isBlog":4,"createDate":53,"updateDate":54,"description":55},"4cd7766ae5ee468ea48aa3adba7941a9","羅馬共和國的建立","the-establishment-of-the-roman-republic","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770291076578_720_1769589582052_Roman_SPQR_banner.svg.jpg","2026-03-07T23:45:04","2026-03-07T23:45:24","公元前509年,羅馬告別王政開啟共和。 深度解析波利比烏斯的「混合政體」理論與蒙森的「同僚性、年度性」制衡邏輯。 了解羅馬公民如何通過權力設計,防止專制君主的再次誕生。",{"id":57,"name":58,"keywords":4,"slug":59,"author":7,"ogImage":60,"isBlog":4,"createDate":61,"updateDate":62,"description":63},"118dd65be46847a6a11b5fe6745beec8","溫泉關戰役","battle-of-thermopylae","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773992089939_leonidas-i720.jpg","2026-03-20T19:07:00","2026-03-20T19:07:58","公元前480年溫泉關戰役爆發,列奧尼達率數千希臘聯軍死守隘口,以少抗多遲滯波斯大軍,為希臘聯軍翻盤贏得關鍵時間,鑄就軍事史傳奇。",{"id":65,"name":66,"keywords":4,"slug":67,"author":7,"ogImage":68,"isBlog":4,"createDate":69,"updateDate":70,"description":71},"1ff11f790154484882c2330ce9ee4dc8","地米斯托克利締造雅典海軍","themistocles","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773996650171_493BC.jpg","2026-03-20T16:49:16","2026-03-20T16:49:31","地米斯托克利以勞里昂銀礦收益打造雅典艦隊,修建港口與防禦工事,奠定雅典海上霸權根基,晚年卻遭陶片放逐、客死波斯。",{"id":73,"name":74,"keywords":4,"slug":75,"author":7,"ogImage":76,"isBlog":4,"createDate":77,"updateDate":78,"description":79},"8491c1ef3dc54813ba4607d84e439959","第一次布匿戰爭結束","the-end-of-the-first-punic-war","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773821870368_The_Oath_of_Hannibal2.jpg","2026-03-18T19:25:31","2026-03-18T19:27:11","公元前 241 年埃加迪海戰大敗迦太基後,羅馬通過《卡圖盧斯和約》結束 23 年第一次布匿戰爭,掌控西西里並成為西地中海霸主。",{"id":81,"name":82,"keywords":4,"slug":83,"author":7,"ogImage":84,"isBlog":4,"createDate":85,"updateDate":86,"description":87},"433c14dafc584a86b8e5819dbf62deec","希梅拉戰役","battle-of-himera","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889155192_Ancient-Carthage.jpg","2026-03-19T14:08:14","2026-03-19T14:08:29","公元前 480 年希梅拉戰役爆發,敘拉古僭主蓋隆率希臘聯軍擊敗迦太基大軍,終結迦太基西進西西里計劃,成為西地中海希臘文明的關鍵勝利。",{"id":89,"name":90,"keywords":4,"slug":91,"author":7,"ogImage":92,"isBlog":4,"createDate":93,"updateDate":94,"description":95},"ff04bebabfe340d2816979640f79735a","西西里消耗戰","first-punic-war-sicilian-confrontation","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773836795285_1773641026266_Altar-of-Domitius-Ahenobarbus2.jpg","2026-03-18T19:05:38","2026-03-19T13:50:42","第一次布匿戰爭進入西西里消耗戰,羅馬攻占巴勒莫,卻在德雷帕納海戰慘敗;哈米爾卡・巴卡以游擊戰術堅守迦太基西部要塞,戰爭陷入長期僵持。",{"id":97,"name":98,"keywords":4,"slug":99,"author":7,"ogImage":100,"isBlog":4,"createDate":101,"updateDate":102,"description":103},"34dd3ef76ca940138120fc08db55098c","阿拉利亞海戰","battle-of-alalia","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889166419_battle-of-alalia3.png","2026-03-19T13:41:45","2026-03-19T13:44:59","公元前 540 至前 535 年，阿拉利亞海戰爆發，希臘福西亞人對陣迦太基與伊特魯里亞聯軍。這場海戰徹底重塑了西地中海的勢力格局，終結了希臘向西方殖民的進程。",{"id":105,"name":106,"keywords":4,"slug":107,"author":7,"ogImage":108,"isBlog":4,"createDate":109,"updateDate":110,"description":111},"c9c2069607dc4ddb81df7f159c2477cc","迦太基帝國","the-rise-of-the-carthaginian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773889543432_Carthage32.jpg","2026-03-19T13:18:18","2026-03-19T13:18:37","迦太基是腓尼基人在北非建立的殖民帝國,憑藉海軍與貿易稱霸西地中海,歷經馬爾丘斯、馬戈一世擴張,成為羅馬崛起前的地中海強權。",{"id":113,"name":114,"keywords":4,"slug":115,"author":7,"ogImage":116,"isBlog":4,"createDate":117,"updateDate":118,"description":119},"aba73b3472c5466a9947cc249556571b","強權之下的腓尼基城邦","phoenician-city-states-vassalized-to-great-powers","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283572590_720_1765465371446_Assyrian_Fragments_of_Bands_from_a_Gate_Walters.jpg","2026-03-07T13:29:46","2026-03-07T13:58:31","腓尼基城邦憑藉商業與航海稱霸東地中海,卻先後淪為亞述、新巴比倫、波斯附庸,最終在亞歷山大攻陷推羅後,結束海洋霸主時代。",{"id":121,"name":122,"keywords":4,"slug":123,"author":7,"ogImage":124,"isBlog":4,"createDate":125,"updateDate":126,"description":127},"4c8d31293f804624bffefd2d1ea19c6f","新埃蘭時期與文明的消亡","neo-elamite-period","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290418284_720_1765426853042_Assyria.jpg","2026-03-08T17:08:50","2026-03-08T17:19:43","公元前1100年至600年,新埃蘭時期見證了兩千年埃蘭文明的終結。 本文詳述亞述帝國的殘酷征服、蘇薩城的毀滅,以及波斯人如何繼承埃蘭遺產並建立阿契美尼德王朝,還原近東霸權更迭的真實史詩。",{"id":129,"name":130,"keywords":4,"slug":131,"author":7,"ogImage":132,"isBlog":4,"createDate":133,"updateDate":134,"description":135},"00549781383e4e04aaa9fcb7e5247c6e","第一次布匿戰爭","first-punic-war","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773821854423_Battle_of_Mylae1.jpg","2026-03-18T15:54:29","2026-03-18T20:31:52","第一次布匿戰爭(前 264- 前 241 年)是羅馬與迦太基爭奪地中海霸權的首場大戰。 羅馬從無海軍起步,憑藉烏鴉吊橋在米拉海戰大破迦太基艦隊,最終奪取西西里,奠定西地中海霸主地位。",{"id":137,"name":138,"keywords":4,"slug":139,"author":7,"ogImage":140,"isBlog":4,"createDate":141,"updateDate":142,"description":143},"4c6669ee00cb4318a52b69c064c91e7c","蓋隆時代的敘拉古","syracuse-in-the-age-of-gelon","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773835732572_1773816624938_Gelon2.jpg","2026-03-18T20:00:12","2026-03-18T20:00:51","蓋隆於公元前485年成為敘拉古僭主,通過移民集權、希梅拉戰役大勝迦太基,締造敘拉古黃金時代,使其成為西地中海希臘文明核心強權。",{"id":145,"name":146,"keywords":4,"slug":147,"author":7,"ogImage":148,"isBlog":4,"createDate":149,"updateDate":150,"description":151},"87b1ad24e8f848fd8e29a71242111069","敘拉古建城","foundation-of-syracuse","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1773822661514_Leto2.png","2026-03-18T19:48:41","2026-03-18T19:50:43","敘拉古於公元前 733 年由科林斯人在西西里島奧爾蒂賈島建城,憑藉天然良港與肥沃土地迅速崛起,成為古希臘最強大的城邦之一。",1777530961012]