[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":137},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-tiglath-pileser-i-en":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":23},null,"中亚述的第二次扩张","tiglath-pileser-i","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283141726_720_000185_1719457481669.jpg","article","2026-02-05T17:19:08","2024-06-27T11:05:11",{"name":13,"h1Title":14,"title":15,"subtitle":4,"keywords":16,"content":17,"overview":4,"description":18,"ogTitle":19,"ogDescription":20,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":21,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":22,"author":7},"The Second Expansion of Central Asia","The Second Expansion of Central Asia: Tigrat-Parachar I and the Rise of a Short Empire","The Second Expansion of Central Asia: Military and Trade Revival in the Tigrat-Parachar I Period","Assyria,MiddleAssyrianPeriod","## Tigrat-Parachar I\n\nAfter the invasion frenzy of the \"sea nation\", about a hundred years later, the Central Asian kingdom ushered in a brief revival during the reign of Tigrat-Parachar I (Tiglath-pileser I, 1114 BC -1076 BC). During the previous period, the western and northern peoples moved into Assyrian territory, and there was endless fighting with these nomads in the kingdom's border areas. Because of the pressure of people from further west, these people were forced to migrate eastward. Soon, these newly arrived groups became as ubiquitous as the Amorites (Amorite) 1,000 years ago. The Assyrians called them the Arameans (Aramaean).\n\nAt this time, there were no strong enemies in Assyria except for the newly rising king of Uraltu, and the old rivals had disappeared: Mitanni had been forgotten, Hittite had perished a hundred years ago, and Gaxit Babylon, the ally and enemy, had perished under the attack of Elam (1155 BC).\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.31/1772768538177_Limestone_relief;_stele._This_unusual_stele_depicts_an_unidentified_Aramaean_king_holding_a_tulip_in_one_hand_while_grasping_a_staff_or_a_spear_in_the_other_hand._From_Tell_e-esSalihiyeh,_Damascus.jpg\" alt=\"阿拉米国王\" width=\"90%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"\" target=\"_blank\">\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">limestone relief stele, dated from the 11th century BC, unearthed near \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Damascus\" lon=\"36.3021\" lat=\"33.5118\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Damascus\u003C/span>. Depicts an unidentified Aramean king armed with a scepter or spear.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.31/1772767918642_Alter_Orient_1100BC.svg.jpg\" alt=\"1100 BC 近东势力范围\" />\n\u003Cspan>\nPhoto by \u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alter_Orient_1100BC.svg\" target=\"_blank\">1100 BC\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">A diagram of the Near East's sphere of influence, 1100 B. C.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\nSuch a surrounding environment gave the Tigrat-Parachar I a great deal of room to display. The Assyrian king was a radical military leader who built a well-trained army and carried it around to expand the kingdom's western border into the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Mediterranean Sea\" lon=\"18\" lat=\"34\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">Mediterranean\u003C/span>. According to the records left at that time, in order to repel the invasion of the Arameans, he had launched 28 campaigns to the west. In the north, the Assyrian army defeated the Phrygians, who claimed to have a 20000 army, and let the blood of the enemy flow down from the \"high mountains, and the heads are piled like granaries\". In addition, Tigrat-Parachar I conquered the former Hittite and \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Armenia\" lon=\"45.0407\" lat=\"40.0706\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Armenia\u003C/span> (Urartu), conquered more than 40 small countries, and finally captured the city of \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Babylon City\" lon=\"44.4192\" lat=\"32.5352\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Babylon\u003C/span>. For a time, many neighboring countries showed their kindness to Assyria and offered tributes. It is said that a certain Pharaoh Ramses in the late 20th Dynasty also presented a crocodile as a gift for him.\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-v1\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000185/000185_1719457481669.png\" alt=\"提格拉特-帕拉沙尔一世接受来自埃及法老的礼物\" />\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wikigallery.org/wiki/painting_216571/Ambrose-Dudley/Tiglath-Pileser-inspecting-gifts-from-Egypt-2\" target=\"_blank\">wikigallery\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">Tigrat-Parachar I (Tiglath-pileser I, 1114 BC -1076 BC) received gifts from the Egyptian pharaohs. This is an oil painting created by later generations, the age is unknown.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\nThe stone tablet records the deeds of this king:\n\n> I led chariots and warriors on an expedition, crossed high mountains and dangerous roads, captured countless cities and acquired countless treasures.\nThose who dare to resist, I will burn their cities to ashes... Those who surrender without a fight......\nThe kings came out of the city to meet me and fell on my knees and kissed my feet.\nI only make them pay taxes, not harm them.\n\u003Cbr>\n> -- tigrat-palachar I\n\nIn addition to launching military expansion to the outside world, Tiegrat-Parachar I also built altars, forts and temples; he also paid more attention to the development of agriculture, increased the production of agricultural products and exported them to other countries. In addition, Assyria entered into trade contracts with the Phoenicians along the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Mediterranean Sea\" lon=\"18\" lat=\"34\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">Mediterranean\u003C/span> coast, exchanging precious metals such as silver and tin for slaves, wood, glass, and dyes. Therefore, under his expedition and careful governance, Assyria recovered its former glory in less than 40 years.\n\nThere is another interesting thing about Tigrat Parachar I. The Assyrian king was a great hunter. His record of lion hunting was amazing. He killed 120 lions on foot and 800 lions in chariots.\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.29/1763616474284_Terracotta_octagon_of_the_Assyrian_king_Tiglath-pileser_I,_1110_BCE,_from_Assur,_Iraq._British_Museum.jpg\" alt=\"Tiglath-Pileser I\" width=\"50%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Assyrian_Empire\" target=\"_blank\">wikipedia\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\nOctagonal clay documents unearthed in \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Ashur\" lon=\"43.2625\" lat=\"35.4565\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Ashur City\u003C/span> (\u003Cp class=\"description\">) record a series of campaigns and internal affairs of Tigrat-Parachar I.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-v1\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000185/000185_1715738571645.png\" alt=\"亚述王提格拉特-帕拉沙尔一世\" width=\"50%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nPhoto by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mesopotamiangods.com/assyria-ashurs-patron-realm-state/\" target=\"_blank\">mesopotamian Gods\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\nAssyrian king Tigrat-Parachar I (Tiglath-pileser I, 1114 BC-1076 BCE) \u003Cp class=\"description\">a \"demigod.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\nAfter Tiegrat-Parachar I, his son Assyrian Belkala (Ashur-bel-kala, 1073-1056 BC) succeeded to the throne. Soon after, the Central Asian tribe fell into decline again, one of the main reasons being the constant incursion of the nomadic tribe, the Arami (Aramaean, another Semitic tribe). These nomadic tribes gradually encroached on the territory of Assyria. In the following hundred years, the rule of Assyria returned to the starting point, and its sphere of influence was always limited to the core area of Assyria around the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Ashur\" lon=\"43.2625\" lat=\"35.4565\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">city\u003C/span> of Ashur and \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Nineveh\" lon=\"43.1517\" lat=\"36.3557\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Nineveh\u003C/span>. Therefore, there is not much to write about during this period, and the era of Central Asia is over.\n\nDuring this period, due to the invasion of the Arameans, not only Assyria was almost swept away, but also Babylon in the south was not spared. The son of Nebuchadnezzar I, king of Babylon, was taken from the throne by the Aramean usurpers. In the following hundred years, Assyria, Egypt, and the land of the two river basins all entered a \"dark age\".\n\n## References\n\n\n\n《古代亚述简史》；卡伦·拉德纳；颜海英 常洋铭[译]；外语教学与研究出版社 2021-04\n\n《亚述：世界历史上第一个帝国的兴衰》；[美] 埃卡特·弗拉姆；翟思诺[译]；中信出版社 2024-11\n\n《世界史的故事》苏珊·怀斯·鲍尔；徐彬[译]；中信出版社 2023-04\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Assyrian_Empire\" target=\"_blank\">Middle Assyrian Empire\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://www.worldhistory.org/assur/\" target=\"_blank\">Assur\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---\n","Tiegrat-Parachar I led the Central Asia to expand again, westward to the Mediterranean, east to Elam, south to Babylon, but quickly returned to the core area after his death.","The Second Expansion of Central Asia: The Short-term Hegemony Created by the Iron King","After the collapse of the maritime nation and the Bronze Age, the Central Asian nation ushered in a brief revival, but quickly retreated back to the Dark Age due to the Aramean invasion.","en",0.7,[24,31,38,45,53,60,67,74,81,88,95,102,109,116,123,130],{"id":25,"name":26,"keywords":4,"slug":27,"author":7,"ogImage":28,"isBlog":4,"createDate":29,"updateDate":29,"description":30},"a262f5ad066f49f7b8214176ae282a63","Touruti-Ninurta I","tukulti-ninurta-i","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770282869066_720_1765000072741_Tukulti-Ninurta-I.jpg","2026-03-06T10:19:43","Tulkuti-Ninurta I pushed the Central Asian syria to its peak, conquered Babylon and severely hit the Hittites, but died in civil strife at the court, and Assyria fell into silence immediately.\n",{"id":32,"name":33,"keywords":4,"slug":34,"author":7,"ogImage":35,"isBlog":4,"createDate":36,"updateDate":36,"description":37},"f8195318875b4cab9b0f6a98faf82d0f","The First Expansion of Central Asia","middle-assyrian-empire-first-period-of-expansion-and-consolidation","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770278703537_720_1764946989741_Arranging_the_boundary_between_Assyria_and_Babylon.jpg","2026-03-05T22:05:15","Central Asia completed its first major expansion during the period of Adadnilari I and Salmanasar I, killing Mitani, suppressing Babylon and Hittite, and establishing regional power status.",{"id":39,"name":40,"keywords":4,"slug":41,"author":7,"ogImage":42,"isBlog":4,"createDate":43,"updateDate":43,"description":44},"4c8d31293f804624bffefd2d1ea19c6f","The New Elam Period and the Demise of Civilization","neo-elamite-period","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290418284_720_1765426853042_Assyria.jpg","2026-03-08T17:09:12","From 1100 to 600 BC, the New Elam period witnessed the end of the Elam civilization in two thousand years. This article details the brutal conquest of the Assyrian Empire, the destruction of the city of Susa, and how the Persians inherited the heritage of Elam and established the Achaemenid dynasty, restoring the true epic of the change of hegemony in the Near East.",{"id":46,"name":47,"keywords":4,"slug":48,"author":7,"ogImage":49,"isBlog":4,"createDate":50,"updateDate":51,"description":52},"c95a3540107249f0915fcb3daa6a989c","Assyrian Banibal","ashurbanipal","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290515108_720_1765955683708_Ashurbanipal2.jpg","2026-02-26T00:19:14","2026-02-28T17:51:10","Assyrian Banibal was the last powerful monarch of the Assyrian Empire. He conquered Egypt, washed Elam with blood, established the world's earliest systematic library, and witnessed the empire's demise from its peak.",{"id":54,"name":55,"keywords":4,"slug":56,"author":7,"ogImage":57,"isBlog":4,"createDate":58,"updateDate":58,"description":59},"51b4e0f9e3524c139d87f1b1a38eb20c","Tigrat-Parachar III","tiglath-pileser-iii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770284171892_720_1765296079488_Tiglath-Pileser-III.jpg","2026-03-06T14:19:18","Tigrat-Palachar III ended the century-old downturn in Assyria, reshaped the empire with military expansion, provinces and forced migration, conquered Syria, Israel and Babylon, and opened the pinnacle of the new Assyrian empire.",{"id":61,"name":62,"keywords":4,"slug":63,"author":7,"ogImage":64,"isBlog":4,"createDate":65,"updateDate":65,"description":66},"f8304c66f2b045f7a815f7ea2099a720","The Assyrian Empire fell.","fall-of-the-assyrian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290720458_720_1765958465332_assyrian-sculpture2.jpg","2026-03-06T20:52:40","After the death of Assyrian Banibal, the empire declined rapidly. The allied forces of Middy and New Babylon conquered Nineveh, slaughtered the city and burned the capital. The Assyrian Empire, which was in full bloom for a while, completely perished and opened a new pattern in the Near East.",{"id":68,"name":69,"keywords":4,"slug":70,"author":7,"ogImage":71,"isBlog":4,"createDate":72,"updateDate":72,"description":73},"9f11da900d9848398368d30d24938f22","Isaahutton","esarhaddon","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290469728_720_1766043729754_Esarhaddon.jpg","2026-03-06T20:45:30","Isaharton calmed the civil strife on the throne, rebuilt the city of Babylon burned by his father, defeated the nomads, conquered Egypt, and pushed the Assyrian Empire to the pinnacle of territory and national power.",{"id":75,"name":76,"keywords":4,"slug":77,"author":7,"ogImage":78,"isBlog":4,"createDate":79,"updateDate":79,"description":80},"a291a35272134469a0e52c33bd90430d","Sinakerib","sennacherib","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290298209_720_000208_1756711796420_Shalmaneser2.jpg","2026-03-06T20:31:38","Sennakeri put down the Babylonian rebellion, captured Rajish, besieged Jerusalem, and went on an expedition across the sea to Elam. Eventually, he was killed by his son for burning Babylon and blaspheming the gods, leading to a tragic ending.",{"id":82,"name":83,"keywords":4,"slug":84,"author":7,"ogImage":85,"isBlog":4,"createDate":86,"updateDate":86,"description":87},"25ba976e4a84473b9de6275248fa4e61","Assyria destroyed the Kingdom of Israel","assyrian-conquest-of-kingdom-of-israel","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290212077_720_000199_1719298485539.jpg","2026-03-06T22:15:27","Due to the decline of the kingdom of Israel due to civil strife, the last king Hochia United against Assyria was seen through, and Sargon II broke through Samaria and exiled 27000 Israelites, creating the mystery of \"the ten lost tribes.",{"id":89,"name":90,"keywords":4,"slug":91,"author":7,"ogImage":92,"isBlog":4,"createDate":93,"updateDate":93,"description":94},"6f160e044d9746719e46813a9a720117","Sargon II","sargon-ii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290188197_720_1765381393252_Sargon_II_Iraq_Museum.jpg","2026-03-06T15:35:57","Sargon II usurped power to ascend the throne, broke through Samaria and destroyed the northern state of Israel, defeated Urartu, conquered Babylon, and built the new Capital of Dulsarukin, pushing the New Assyrian Empire to its peak.",{"id":96,"name":97,"keywords":4,"slug":98,"author":7,"ogImage":99,"isBlog":4,"createDate":100,"updateDate":100,"description":101},"8820943b2e914f3fbf4e0d800cdedea9","The Kingdom of Uraltu Gone from Prosperity to Decline","downfall-of-uraltu-kingdom","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283909164_720_000211_1756708741113_Tushpa2.jpg","2026-03-06T14:29:19","Relying on the Armenian plateau, the Urartu Kingdom rose up and fought for hegemony with Assyria for a long time. Under the attack of Tigrat-Parachar III and Sargon II, the Urartu Kingdom turned from prosperity to decline, and finally died in the Medes and the Skeites.",{"id":103,"name":104,"keywords":4,"slug":105,"author":7,"ogImage":106,"isBlog":4,"createDate":107,"updateDate":107,"description":108},"f333b8c658284bbe972044ceb1050132","The Assyrian “Queen” Shamash-shum-ukin","sammu-ramat","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283677165_720_1766136016849_semiramis.jpg","2026-03-06T16:58:40","Samu-amat, queen shamsh-adad v and regent empress dowager of adadnilari III, stabilized assyria after the rebellion and became the true prototype of queen Semiramis in Greek mythology.",{"id":110,"name":111,"keywords":4,"slug":112,"author":7,"ogImage":113,"isBlog":4,"createDate":114,"updateDate":114,"description":115},"67b7d4fb8e24411eb742391ff809de5e","The Kingdom of Urartu arose.","rise-of-uraltu-kingdom","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283635458_720_1765176259767_Urartian_arch_near_Van._1973.jpg","2026-03-08T18:32:44","Urartu was the \"Kingdom of Fortresses\" on the plateau of ancient Armenia \". This article details how it withstood the Assyrian Empire with its stone castle, its era-leading iron smelting technology, and the Semiramis Canal and other engineering wonders. Explore this mysterious mountain civilization that disappeared in the 6th century BC.",{"id":117,"name":118,"keywords":4,"slug":119,"author":7,"ogImage":120,"isBlog":4,"createDate":121,"updateDate":121,"description":122},"a52b682c703e40d486cc8e53d5ceaf9d","Shalmaneser III","shalmaneser-iii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283552160_720_000198_1719297007970.jpg","2026-03-06T16:39:41","Salmanasar III established the first standing army and cavalry of Assyria, launched the battle of Kalkar, and forced the king of Israel Jehu to become a minister. In his later years, the dispute over the storage position triggered civil strife and started Assyria's 100-year downturn.",{"id":124,"name":125,"keywords":4,"slug":126,"author":7,"ogImage":127,"isBlog":4,"createDate":128,"updateDate":128,"description":129},"f47d08d0746749e5aea8e5d9782a912f","Assyrian Nassipa II","ashurnasirpal-ii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283512693_720_1764649387343_Ashurnasirpal_II.jpg","2026-03-06T16:14:03","Assyrian Nassipa II rebuilt Assyrian hegemony, set the city of Gala (Nimrud), and went west to the Mediterranean Sea to deter the four sides with brutality, opening the way for the expansion of the new Assyrian empire.",{"id":131,"name":132,"keywords":4,"slug":133,"author":7,"ogImage":134,"isBlog":4,"createDate":135,"updateDate":135,"description":136},"3524f33073f74ca791a2a0a0ff9f05a7","Neo-Assyrian Period-The Rise of the Empire","rise-of-neo-assyrian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283423294_720_1765171787724_Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.jpg","2026-03-06T13:56:34","Neo-Assyria evolved from a regional power into an empire. Tiglath-Pileser III inaugurated the imperial era, subjugating Mesopotamia, Syria, and Egypt through ruthless military campaigns and establishing Assyria as the dominant power in the Near East.",1774515945633]